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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Conscientious Objectors in Birmingham in WW1 ： ウィキペディア英語版 Conscientious Objectors in Birmingham in WW1 (詳細はBirmingham, England, from 1914-1918, conscientious objectors were opposed to the First World War. At first their objections were voiced through peace protests and rallies. Later, when conscription (1916) was introduced, they refused to fight and caused a political issue. There were various reasons for objection including; religion (especially Quakers), pacifism/moral objection and political objection. There were two types of objectors; absolutists who refused to have anything to do with the war, and non-combatants who only refused to fight. Objectors were forced to go through local tribunals, under the terms of the Military Service Act 1916, which often ended unsuccessfully and in forced military service, of which nationally 34,760 out of 90,721 cases were unsuccessful. Conscientious objectors who were not forced to enlist were offered alternative service in the Non-Combatant Corps (NCC), which supplied services such as medics, ambulance drivers and there were also 465 bomb disposal experts. Absolutists however, were imprisoned if they refused to undertake alternative service, 985 out of 16,500 objectors were sent to prison including Oliver Banwell, from Birmingham. ==Oliver Banwell== Oliver William Banwell was a junior teacher at Stirchley School in Birmingham, before the war and during the war became a conscientious objector (for pacifistic reasons) when he was conscripted in 1916, he was sent to a tribunal at Wormwood Scrubs Prison where he spoke about his belief that no man had the right to force him to kill another who was in a similar position as himself. After his successful tribunal he was sent to become a member of the Non-Combatant corps at Chiseldon Camp in Wiltshire. In May 1918 he was sentenced to two years hard labour for disobeying an order of refusing to maintain a rifle range, he remained in Winchester Prison along with many other conscientious objectors, such as Scott Duckers, until June 1919.〔Archive of the Library of Birmingham〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Conscientious Objectors in Birmingham in WW1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.